| Red Haired Mummies of Egypt Mary Sutherland Copyright 2003 - 2004 Author of Living in the Light 'Believe in the Magic' Researcher of Ancient Man BUFO Paranormal and UFO Radio Burlington UFO and Paranormal Research Center Contact |
| red haired mummies red haired mummies red haired mummies red haired mummies red haired mummies red haired mummies red haired mummies |
| A well preserved body from the pre-dynastic period in Egypt, circa 3,300 BC. Buried in a sand grave, the natural dryness of the surroundings kept the body preserved. His red hair have been so well preserved that he has been given the nickname "Ginger" at the British Museum where he is kept on public display. Right: "Ginger's" head. |
| Queen Hetop-Heres II, of the Fourth Dynasty, the daughter of Cheops, the builder of the great pyramid, is shown in the colored bas reliefs of her tomb to have been a distinct blonde. Her hair is painted a bright yellow stippled with little red horizontal lines, and her skin is white. (‘The Races of Europe’, Carleton Stevens Coon, New York City, Macmillan. 1939, p.98) |
| Mary's Tidbits The mummy of the wife of King Tutankhamen has auburn hair. A mummy with red hair, red mustache and red beard was found by the pyramids at Saqqara. Red-haired mummies were found in the crocodile-caverns of Aboufaida. The book HISTORY OF EGYPTIAN MUMMIES mentions a mummy with reddish-brown hair. The mummies of Rameses II and Prince Yuaa have fine silky yellow hair. The mummy of another pharaoh, Thothmes II, has light chestnut-colored hair. An article in a leading British anthropological journal states that many mummies have dark reddish-brownhair. Professor Vacher De Lapouge described a blond mummy found at Al Amrah, which he says has the face and skull measurements of a typical Gaul or Saxon. A blond mummy was found at Kawamil along with many chestnut-colored ones. Chestnut-haired mummies have been found at Silsileh. The mummy of Queen Tiy has "wavy brown hair." Unfortunately, only the mummies of a very few pharaohs have survived to the 20th century, but a large proportion of these are blond. The Egyptians have left us many paintings and statues of blondes and redheads. Amenhotep III's tomb painting shows him as having light red hair. Also, his features are quite caucasian A farm scene from around 2000 B.C. in the tomb of the nobleman Meketre shows redheads. An Egyptian scribe named Kay at Sakkarah around 2500 B.C. has blue eyes. The tomb of Menna (18th Dynasty) at West Thebes shows blond girls. The god Horus is usually depicted as white. He is very white in the Papyrus Book of the Dead of Lady Cheritwebeshet (21st Dynasty), found in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. A very striking painting of a yellow-haired man hunting from a chariot can be found in the tomb of Userhet, Royal Scribe of Amenophis II. The yellow-haired man is Userhet. The same tomb has paintings of blond soldiers. The tomb of Menna also has a wall painting showing a blond man supervising two dark-haired workers scooping grain. The Funerary stele (inscribed stone slab)of Priest Remi clearly shows him as having red hair, The eye of Horus, the so-called Wedjat Eye. is always blue. A very attractive painting is found on the wall of a private tomb in West Thebes from the 18th Dynasty. The two deceased parents are white people with black hair. Mourning them are two pretty fair-skinned girls with light blond hair and their red-haired older brother. Queen Thi is painted as having a rosy complexion, blue eyes and blond hair. She was co-ruler with her husband Amenhotep III and it has been said of their rule. "The reign of Amenhotep III was the culminating point in Egyptian history, for never again, in spite of the exalted effort of the Ramessides, did Egypt occupy so exalted a place among the nations of the world as she had in his time." Amenhotep III looks northern European in his statues. Paintings of people with red hair and blue eyes were found at the tomb of Bagt in Beni Hassan. Many other tombs at Beni Hassan have paintings of individuals with blond and red hair as well as blue eyes. Paintings of blonds and redheads have been found among the tombs at Thebes. Blond hair and blue eyes were painted at the tomb of Pharaoh Menphtah in the valley of the Kings. Paintings from the Third Dynasty show native Egyptians with red hair and blue eyes. They are shepherds, workers and bricklayers. A blond woman was painted at the tomb of Djeser-ka-ra-seneb in Thebes. A model of a ship from about 2500 B.C. is manned by five blond sailors. The god Nuit was painted as white and blond. A painting at the tomb of Meresankh III at Giza, from about 2485 B.C., shows white skin and red hair. Two statues from about 2570 B.C., found in the tombs at Medum, show Prince Rahotep and his wife Nofret. He has light green stones for eyes. She has violet-blue stones. A painting from Iteti's tomb at Saqqara shows a very Nordic-looking man with blond hair. Grafton Smith mentions the distinctly red hair of the 18th Dynasty mummy Henutmehet. Harvard Professor Carleton Coon, in his book THE RACES OF EUROPE, tells us that "many of the officials, courtiers, and priests, representing the upper class of Egyptian society but not the royalty, looked strikingly like modern Europeans, especially long-headed ones." (Note: Nordics are long-headed.) Long-headed Europeans are most common in Britain, Scandinavia, the Netherlands, and northern Germany. Time-Life books put out a volume called RAMESES II THE GREAT. It has a good picture of the blond mummy of Rameses II. Another picture can be found in the book X-RAYING THE PHARAOHS, especially the picture on the jacket cover. It shows his yellow hair. A book called CHRONICLE OF THE PHARAOHS was recently published showing paintings, sculptures and mummies of 189 pharaohs and leading personalities of Ancient Egypt. Of these, 102 appear European, 13 look Black, and the rest are hard to classify. All nine mummies look like our Europeans. The very first pharaoh, Narmer, also known as Menes, looks very Caucasion The same can be said for Khufu's cousin Hemon, who designed the Great Pyramid of Giza, with help from Imhotep. A computer-generated reconstruction of the face of the Sphinx shows a European-looking face. It was once painted sunburned red. The Egyptians often painted upper class men as red and upper class women as white; this is because the men became sun-burned or tanned while outside under the burning Egyptian sun. The women, however, usually stayed inside. In 1902, E. A. Wallis Budge, the renowned Egyptologist, described the pre-dynastic Egyptians thus: "The predynastic Egyptians, that is to say, that stratum of them which was indigenous to North Africa, belonged to a white or light-skinned race with fair hair, who in many particulars resembled the Libyans, who in later historical times lived very near the western bank of the Nile." [E. A. W. Budge, Egypt in the Neolithic and Archaic Periods (London: Kegan Paul, Trench & Trübner, 1902), p. 49.] Later, in the same book, Budge referred to a pre-dynastic statuette that: "has eyes inlaid with lapis-lazuli, by which we are probably intended to understand that the woman here represented had blue eyes." [Ibid., p. 51.] In 1925, the Oxford don L. H. Dudley Buxton, wrote the following concerning ancient Egyptian crania: "Among the ancient crania from the Thebaid in the collection in the Department of Human Anatomy in Oxford, there are specimens which must unhesitatingly be considered to be those of Nordic type. [L. H. D. Buxton, The Peoples of Asia (London: Kegan Paul, Trench & Trübner, 1925), p. 50.] The Scottish physical anthropologist Robert Gayre has written, that in his considered opinion: "Ancient Egypt, for instance, was essentially a penetration of Caucasoid racial elements into Africa . . . This civilisation grew out of the settlement of Mediterraneans, Armenoids, even Nordics, and Atlantics in North Africa . . ." [R. Gayre of Gayre, Miscellaneous Racial Studies, 1943-1972 (Edinburgh: Armorial, 1972), p. 85.] When English archaeologist Howard Carter excavated the tomb of Tutankhamen in 1922, he discovered in the Treasury a small wooden sarcophagus. Within it lay a memento of Tutankhamen's beloved grandmother, Queen Tiye: "a curl of her auburn hair." [C. Desroches-Noblecourt, Tutankhamen: Life and Death of a Pharaoh (Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1972), p. 65.] (See mummy picture) Queen Tiye (18th Dynasty), was the daughter of Thuya, a Priestess of the God Amun. Thuya's mummy, which was found in 1905, has long, red-blonde hair. Examinations of Tiye's mummy proved that she bore a striking resemblance to her mother. [B. Adams, Egyptian Mummies (Aylesbury: Shire Publications, 1988), p. 39.] (See mummy picture) A painting of the mother of Pharaoh Amenhotep IV (18th Dynasty), reveals that she had blonde hair, blue eyes and a rosy complexion. [W. Sieglin, Die blonden Haare der indogermanischen Völker des Altertums (Munich: J. F. Lehmanns Verlag, 1935), p. 132.] Princess Ranofri, a daughter of Pharaoh Tuthmosis III (18th Dynasty), is depicted as a blonde in a wall painting that was recorded in the 19th century, by the Italian Egyptologist Ippolito Rosellini. [Ibid., p. 132.] In 1929 archaeologists discovered the mummy of fifty year-old Queen Meryet-Amun (another daughter of Tuthmosis III); the mummy has wavy, light-brown hair. [R. B. Partridge, Faces of Pharaohs (London: Rubicon Press, 1994), p. 91.] American Egyptologist Donald P. Ryan excavated tomb KV 60, in the Valley of the Kings, during the course of 1989. Inside, he found the mummy of a royal female, which he believes to be the long-lost remains of the great Queen Hatshepsut (18th Dynasty). Ryan describes the mummy as follows: "The mummy was mostly unwrapped and on its back. Strands of reddish-blond hair lay on the floor beneath the bald head." [Ibid., p. 87.] Manetho, a Graeco-Egyptian priest who flourished in the 3rd century BC, wrote in his Egyptian History, that the last ruler of the 6th Dynasty was a woman by the name of Queen Nitocris. He has this to say about her: "There was a queen Nitocris, braver than all the men of her time, the most beautiful of all the women, blonde-haired with rosy cheeks. By her, it is said, the third pyramid was reared, with the aspect of a mountain." [W. G. Waddell, Manetho (London: William Heinemann, 1980), p. 57.] According to the Graeco-Roman authors Pliny the Elder, Strabo and Diodorus Siculus, the Third Pyramid was built by a woman named Rhodopis. When translated from the original Greek, her name means "rosy-cheeked". [G. A. Wainwright, The Sky-Religion in Egypt (Cambridge: University Press, 1938), p. 42.] We may also note that a tomb painting recorded by the German Egyptologist C. R. Lepsius in the 1840s, depicts a blonde woman by the name of Hetepheres (circa 5th Dynasty). The German scholar Alexander Scharff, observed that she was described as being a Priestess of the Goddess Neith, a deity who was sacred to the blond-haired Libyans of the Delta region. He goes on to state that her name is precisely the same as that of Queen Hetepheres II, who is also shown as fair-haired, in a painting on the wall of Queen Meresankh III's tomb. He deduced from all of this, that the two women may well have been related, and he suggested that Egypt during the Age of the Pyramids, was dominated by an elite of blonde women. [A. Scharff, "Ein Beitrag zur Chronologie der 4. ägyptischen Dynastie." Orientalistische Literaturzeitung XXXI (1928) pp. 73-81.] The twentieth prayer of the 141st chapter of the ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead, is dedicated "to the Goddess greatly beloved, with red hair." [E. A. W. Budge, The Book of the Dead (London: Kegan Paul, Trench & Trübner, 1901), p. 430.] In the tomb of Pharaoh Merenptah (19th Dynasty), there are depictions of red-haired goddesses. [N. Reeves & R. H. Wilkinson, The Complete Valley of the Kings (London: Thames & Hudson, 1997), p. 149.] In the Book of the Dead, the eyes of the god Horus are described as "shining," or "brilliant," whilst another passage refers more explicitly to "Horus of the blue eyes". [Budge, op. cit., pp. 421 & 602.] The rubric to the 140th chapter of said book, states that the amulet known as the "Eye of Horus," (used to ward-off the "Evil Eye"), must always be made from lapis-lazuli, a mineral which is blue in colour. [Ibid., p. 427.] It should be noted that the Goddess Wadjet, who symbolised the Divine Eye of Horus, was represented by a snake (a hooded cobra to be precise), and her name, when translated from the original Egyptian, means "blue-green". [A. F. Alford, The Phoenix Solution (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1998), pp. 266-268.] Interestingly, the ancient Scandanavians claimed that anyone who was blue-eyed (and therefore possessed the power of the Evil Eye), had "a snake in the eye," and blue eyes were frequently compared to the eyes of a serpent. [F. B. Gummere, Germanic Origins (London: David Nutt, 1892), pp. 58, 62.] In the ancient Pyramid Texts, the Gods are said to have blue and green eyes. [Alford, op. cit., p. 232.] The Graeco-Roman author Diodorus Siculus (I, 12), says that the Egyptians thought the goddess Neith had blue eyes. [C. H. Oldfather, Diodorus of Sicily (London: William Heinemann, 1968), p. 45.] A text from the mammisi of Isis at Denderah, declares that the goddess was given birth to in the form of a "ruddy woman". [J. G. Griffiths, De Iside et Osiride (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1970), p. 451.] Finally, the Greek author Plutarch, in the 22nd chapter of his De Iside et Osiride, states that the Egyptians thought Horus to be fair-skinned, and the god Seth to be of a ruddy complexion. [Ibid., p. 151.] |
The Law Code of Hammurabi, 1750 BC. The code has been preserved intact on this stela, now in the Louvre
Museum in Paris. At the top of the stela is picture of the king before Shamash, the (typically
Indo-European) sun-god, who was also the god of justice. The introduction to the code is directly below the
pictures, in which Hammurabi asserts that he has come to rule over the "dark haired people". The 282 laws
cover such things as offenses against other people and property; disputes concerning land, trade, fees,
professional services and family. Some of the punishments would be considered harsh by modern standards,
but on the whole the laws present a picture of a well ordered society which lived by recognized standards
and offered protection to all its citizens. Alongside is a detail from the stela showing the great Nordic King
Hammurabi in profile. His racial features are clear in this depiction made during his lifetime.
King Hammurabi has become most famous for his Code of Laws, dating from 1750 BC, which is widely but
incorrectly held to be the first written legal code in the world (it was the second, the first being the code
drawn up by the earlier White Sumerians). Hammurabi's Code of Law was engraved in stone and set up in
the great cities of the region - to this day the Code is regarded as the father of the all legal codes of the world.
While some of the laws themselves seem harsh to the modern mind (death for being unable to repay debt, for
example) nonetheless the wording of the prologue to Hammurabi's Law Code provides a fascinating glimpse
into the conflict between the Semitic and Indo-European populations in the region.
In the prologue, Hammurabi announces that he has come to "rule the black haired people"; he is also referred
to as "the White King" and the "White Potent", obviously in reference to his coloring.
The original introduction on the Hammurabi Code, which was engraved in stone and is still existent, reads as
follows :
"Hammurabi, the exalted prince, who feared God, to bring about the rule of righteousness in the land, to
destroy the wicked and the evil-doers; so that the strong should not harm the weak; so that I should rule
over the black-headed people like Shamash, and enlighten the land, to further the well-being of mankind..."
"Hammurabi, the prince, called of Bel am I, making riches and increase,...who enriched Ur;...the white
king,...the mighty, who again laid the foundations of Sippara...the lord who granted new life to Uruk, who
brought plenteous water to its inhabitants...the White, Potent, who penetrated the secret cave of the bandits
..."
Racially speaking, the inhabitants of Egypt at this period in time were divided into three groups. Skeletal
evidence from grave sites show that the original White Mediterraneans and Proto-Nordics were in a majority
in the area - a well preserved body found in a sand grave in Egypt dating from approximately 3000 BC, on
display in the British Museum in London, has even been nicknamed "Ginger" because of his red hair - (See
Above Photo)
Museum in Paris. At the top of the stela is picture of the king before Shamash, the (typically
Indo-European) sun-god, who was also the god of justice. The introduction to the code is directly below the
pictures, in which Hammurabi asserts that he has come to rule over the "dark haired people". The 282 laws
cover such things as offenses against other people and property; disputes concerning land, trade, fees,
professional services and family. Some of the punishments would be considered harsh by modern standards,
but on the whole the laws present a picture of a well ordered society which lived by recognized standards
and offered protection to all its citizens. Alongside is a detail from the stela showing the great Nordic King
Hammurabi in profile. His racial features are clear in this depiction made during his lifetime.
King Hammurabi has become most famous for his Code of Laws, dating from 1750 BC, which is widely but
incorrectly held to be the first written legal code in the world (it was the second, the first being the code
drawn up by the earlier White Sumerians). Hammurabi's Code of Law was engraved in stone and set up in
the great cities of the region - to this day the Code is regarded as the father of the all legal codes of the world.
While some of the laws themselves seem harsh to the modern mind (death for being unable to repay debt, for
example) nonetheless the wording of the prologue to Hammurabi's Law Code provides a fascinating glimpse
into the conflict between the Semitic and Indo-European populations in the region.
In the prologue, Hammurabi announces that he has come to "rule the black haired people"; he is also referred
to as "the White King" and the "White Potent", obviously in reference to his coloring.
The original introduction on the Hammurabi Code, which was engraved in stone and is still existent, reads as
follows :
"Hammurabi, the exalted prince, who feared God, to bring about the rule of righteousness in the land, to
destroy the wicked and the evil-doers; so that the strong should not harm the weak; so that I should rule
over the black-headed people like Shamash, and enlighten the land, to further the well-being of mankind..."
"Hammurabi, the prince, called of Bel am I, making riches and increase,...who enriched Ur;...the white
king,...the mighty, who again laid the foundations of Sippara...the lord who granted new life to Uruk, who
brought plenteous water to its inhabitants...the White, Potent, who penetrated the secret cave of the bandits
..."
Racially speaking, the inhabitants of Egypt at this period in time were divided into three groups. Skeletal
evidence from grave sites show that the original White Mediterraneans and Proto-Nordics were in a majority
in the area - a well preserved body found in a sand grave in Egypt dating from approximately 3000 BC, on
display in the British Museum in London, has even been nicknamed "Ginger" because of his red hair - (See
Above Photo)
| Hammurabi Code |
| Go back to Home Page on Red Haired Race www.buforadio.com/redhairedmummies www.burlingtonnews.net/lemurian1 |
| Syrian and Hittite Prisoners in the tomb, south wall of the second court, circa 1325 BC. The Egyptians took care to portray their enemies as accurately as they could: On the left, a pair of Indo-European Hittites, and on the right, Semitics from Syria. |
| MOSES..SON OF QUEEN OF SHEBA AND SOLOMON? Queen of Sheba/Hatshepsut Solomon/Senemut QUEEN OF SHEBA In the time of King Solomon, however, another individual entered the picture. She was The Queen of Sheba (which roughly translated means “the Queen of the Southâ€�). Egypt is south of Israel, and according to the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky, the Queen of Sheba was Queen Hatshepsut. Her temple at Luxor in fact describes her visit to the “land of Puntâ€�, and all the things she brought back from there. “Puntâ€� can be taken to mean, Israel -- After the death of Thutmose II in 948 BC Hatshepsut calls on Solomon for help. This information we read on one of his statues, `I was in this land under [her] command since the occurrence of the death of [her] predecessor...'[P. Dorman, `The Monuments of Senenmut', (Kegan, Paul, London, 1988)] But the best thing Queen Hatshepsut of Egypt brought back was the â €œseed of Solomon (Senenmut)â€�. When she returned to Egypt, she gave birth to a child, whose name was Menelik. The first year subsequent to the death of Thutmose II (948) would also be the 1st year of Thutmose III while still a child and the beginning of his co-reign with Hatshepsut. For the next 22 years, his `years of silence', Hatshepsut with the strong support of her closest courtiers, among them Senenmut/Solomon (Ir she-El Amon)/Jedidiah [2. Samuel 12:25; ], rules over Egypt. Even when young Thutmose turned 16-18 years of age she did not relinquish the throne. It appears that Thutmose realized that he would not have a chance to climb the throne in his teens because of the influence of Senenmut in particular. And this why today Egyptologists ask themselves the question, "How could someone with the drive and military ambition of Thutmose III stand by and allow Hatshepsut to retain the throne and virtually rule the country from the time he was 16 until he reached 24, or, even less likely, 35 years of age?" [KMT, Spring 2000, p. 53] His revenge was that he sowed strife and discontent in the Egyptian educated servant of Solomon, Jeroboam. We all know how successful that was. In about 948 Hatshepsut is seated on the throne as pharaoh and she begins the construction of her mortuary temple at Deir el Bahari in her 7th year in 941 BC. At about this same time Senenmut begins the construction of his mortuary temple connected to that of his queen. The queens tomb (TT#353) however was found by Carter in 1903 and penetrates 243 m (800 feet) deep into the rocks, so deep that air had to be pumped into it for the workmen to breath. Still another passage leads even further into the rocks but has not been explored to date. Inside were found her sarcophagus and that of Thutmose I, but little else remained. Two tombs prepared for Senenmut were found. Of these tomb 353 was never finished and sealed. The long, large tomb of Senmut (TT#71) located on the north-east corner of the temple of Hatshepsut, was found by Winlock in 1927. It was found that his portraits inside were mutilated everywhere, though the name of Hatshepsut was left untouched. His quartzite sarcophagus was smattered into small pieces strewn all around over a large area. We hear the last from Senmut in his 16th year which corresponds well with the last 20 years of the reign of Solomon were the scriptures remain silent about events as if he was not in Israel during that time. We think that after having met many of the kings from `the ends of the earth' Solomon indeed lived in peace during the 2nd half of his reign and that this situation allowed him to become Senenmut at the court of his royal friend Hatshepsut. Certainly we do not assume that he twittled his thumbs in Jerusalem. That the Bible is silent about any events relating to this time may be due to Jewish embarrassment that their king had such ties with Egypt and therefore they obliterated any memory of it in their writings. Year 9 of Hatshepsut (-939) is the year when the Punt Expedition was sent out. For the next 10 years Hatshepsut was engaged in carrying out her many constructions. But in 930 BC Solomon/Senmut died followed by the death of Hatshepsut in 926 BC. The Queen was followed by Thutmose III who invaded Jerusalem in -925, the 5th year of King Rehoboam of Judah. The reign of Thutmose III lasted until about 899 BC. For More Information on this |
| MUMMY TRIVIA The mummy of Ramses III was so unattractive that he became the model for Boris Karloff's characterisation in the film 'The Mummy' |
| The mummy of the red haired Egyptian King, Ramses II, is on public display at the Egyptian Museum, Cairo Forensics tests were done on Ramses, proving that his red hair was 'natural'. Ref: Ramses the Great by National Geographics. |
| THE RED HAIRED RAMSES II - LAST SIGNIFICANT WHITE PHARAOH Egypt's last display of national vigor came with the red haired Pharaoh Ramses II (1292 - 1225 BC). Ramses II managed to re-establish the already decaying Egyptian Empire by recapturing much land in Nubia. He also fought a series of battles against invading Indo-Europeans, the Hittites. This was culminated with the battle of Kadesh in northern Syria. Ramses signed a treaty with the Hittites in 1258 BC, which ended the war. In terms of the treaty, Ramses took as his wife an Indo-European Hittite princess. His other achievements included the building of the rock-hewn temple of Abu Simbel, the great hall in the Temple of Amon at Karnak, and the mortuary temple at Thebes. After this king, Egypt entered into a steady period of decay, caused directly by the elimination of the original Egyptians, and their replacement with a mixed population made up of Black, Semitic and the remnant White population. This racially divergent nation was never again to reach the heights achieved by the First, Second or the first part of the Third Kingdoms. In these later years there were competing claimants to the pharaohs throne, many of whom, racially speaking, bore no resemblance to the original pharaohs at all. |
| The mummy of Pharaoh Seti I is the most lifelike of the great pharaohs of Egypt, and a tribute to the embalmer's art. His caucasian features remain crystal clear and because of the excellent preservation process, Seti's mummy can easily be compared with a relief of his face made in his lifetime at the Temple at Abydos. Seti was the son of the great Ramses I, and became pharaoh in 1320 BC. He reoccupied lands in Syria lost to earlier Syrian invasions, conquered Palestine and conducted campaigns against the Semitic Libyans and the Indo-European Hittites |
| This is one of the finest statues of Thutmosis III, on the picture. This statue of basalt is kept in the Egyptian Museum, Cairo. Perhaps it has the actual size, it is about five feet tall - corresponding the ancient Egyptian average. It has nicely formed muscular structure, counterpointed by a face which has a hint of discord. It is not disturbing, but proves that the statue is strongly idealized. His benevolent look and nice smile are overruled by his strong nose, but his chin is definitely small. Since the statue had to resemble, these characters could not be changed. After the death of Solomon, Sheba was assassinated and evidence of her existence deliberated destroyed by Thutmossis III. We are lucky to have any thing left of this time in history. |
If the Exodus occurred at 1440 B.C. then the 18th Dynasty of
Thutmose III (1504/3?-1450/47 B.C.) and his mother Hatshepsut
(1503-1482), the woman king, would be considered Moses protectors.
Hatshepsut, the queen was forced to flee during the reign of Thutmose
III.
"Moses was an initiated priest of Amon and the presumed son of
Pharaoh's daughter.There is no definite reference to Moses in
Egyptian texts, but there is a great relationship between the Egyptian
Akhnaton and Moses in activities and events. Akhnaton had a
definite relationship between himself and the priest of Amon
Historian Josephus asserted that the Scribes and the king eventually
knew that Moses was the 'one of the Prophecy' but did not slay him
because of the royal protection.
At Deir El Bahri, there is a wall which depicts the birth of the future
heir to the throne, one scene shows a baby boy in the arms of
Hatshepsut-the infant Moses! There is also another statue found
deplicting Solomon holding a boy child indicating that he holds
protection over this child.
In Acts 7:22 Stephen in an address to the Sanhedrin asserts that
Moses was not only instructed in the science and learning of the
Egyptians but was also endowed with oratorical ability and distinctive
leadership qualities.The last that we hear of Senenmut (Moses was
also named this..after father Senemut/Solomon) is in year 16 of
Hatshepsut's Sheba's) reign.
Moses slays an Egyptian (Ex 2:12) and flees Egypt (Ex 2:15) because
pharaoh (Moses replacement) wanted to kill him. Tomb No. 353 was
for Moses, but work stopped when he fled Egypt. The tomb remains
unfinished . At the death of the great Pharaoh, God appeared in a
burning bush to Moses.
There is no definite reference to Moses in Egyptian texts, but there is
a great relationship between the Egyptian Akhnaton and Moses in
activities and events. The old religion of Egypt at one time had lost its
inspiration because materialism was increased and a reformation was
greatly needed. Akhnaton had a definite relationship between himself
and the priest of Amon.
Senmut, (Solomon) holding child under his chin. When 'queen of sheba'
claiimed Moses as her son, he became the child heir-apparent to the
throne of Egypt. The child wears the serpent on the forehead and lock
of hair on the right side of the head that designates a prince of Egypt!
It is Moses\
Acts 7 that Moses could have become the ruler of Egypt cf. Hebrews
11:24).
Thutmose III apparently did something that only occurred one
additional time in the span of Egyptian history. Thutmose III, who
undoubtedly hated her, completely eradicated nearly all her
monuments throughout Egypt. Only on one other occasion Egyptian
authorities eradicated the monuments of a previous pharaoh and erase
his name wherever found. That was the case of the heretic pharaoh
Akhenaten who closed all the temples of the Egyptian gods and tried
to get them all to worship a single deity -- the god of the sun.
Thutmose III (1504/3?-1450/47 B.C.) and his mother Hatshepsut
(1503-1482), the woman king, would be considered Moses protectors.
Hatshepsut, the queen was forced to flee during the reign of Thutmose
III.
"Moses was an initiated priest of Amon and the presumed son of
Pharaoh's daughter.There is no definite reference to Moses in
Egyptian texts, but there is a great relationship between the Egyptian
Akhnaton and Moses in activities and events. Akhnaton had a
definite relationship between himself and the priest of Amon
Historian Josephus asserted that the Scribes and the king eventually
knew that Moses was the 'one of the Prophecy' but did not slay him
because of the royal protection.
At Deir El Bahri, there is a wall which depicts the birth of the future
heir to the throne, one scene shows a baby boy in the arms of
Hatshepsut-the infant Moses! There is also another statue found
deplicting Solomon holding a boy child indicating that he holds
protection over this child.
In Acts 7:22 Stephen in an address to the Sanhedrin asserts that
Moses was not only instructed in the science and learning of the
Egyptians but was also endowed with oratorical ability and distinctive
leadership qualities.The last that we hear of Senenmut (Moses was
also named this..after father Senemut/Solomon) is in year 16 of
Hatshepsut's Sheba's) reign.
Moses slays an Egyptian (Ex 2:12) and flees Egypt (Ex 2:15) because
pharaoh (Moses replacement) wanted to kill him. Tomb No. 353 was
for Moses, but work stopped when he fled Egypt. The tomb remains
unfinished . At the death of the great Pharaoh, God appeared in a
burning bush to Moses.
There is no definite reference to Moses in Egyptian texts, but there is
a great relationship between the Egyptian Akhnaton and Moses in
activities and events. The old religion of Egypt at one time had lost its
inspiration because materialism was increased and a reformation was
greatly needed. Akhnaton had a definite relationship between himself
and the priest of Amon.
Senmut, (Solomon) holding child under his chin. When 'queen of sheba'
claiimed Moses as her son, he became the child heir-apparent to the
throne of Egypt. The child wears the serpent on the forehead and lock
of hair on the right side of the head that designates a prince of Egypt!
It is Moses\
Acts 7 that Moses could have become the ruler of Egypt cf. Hebrews
11:24).
Thutmose III apparently did something that only occurred one
additional time in the span of Egyptian history. Thutmose III, who
undoubtedly hated her, completely eradicated nearly all her
monuments throughout Egypt. Only on one other occasion Egyptian
authorities eradicated the monuments of a previous pharaoh and erase
his name wherever found. That was the case of the heretic pharaoh
Akhenaten who closed all the temples of the Egyptian gods and tried
to get them all to worship a single deity -- the god of the sun.
| Portrait of Tuthmosis I from his daughter's temple at Deir el-Bahri |
| Akheperenre (Tuthmosis II) The mummy of Tuthmosis II was found at Deir el-Bahri in a replacement coffin (the original owner is unknown) covered in the remains of his original wrappings. Tuthmosis II was a frail, rather weak-looking individual,.X-rays have tended confirm that Tuthmosis II died when he was around 30. |
Menkheperure
(Tuthmosis IV)
Tuthmosis IV was x-rayed
again in the 1970s, it was
possible to more accurately
evaluate his age at around 35
years old, which accords well
with the historical record,
which indicates that
Tuthmosis IV must have been
around 40-46 when he died.
(Tuthmosis IV)
Tuthmosis IV was x-rayed
again in the 1970s, it was
possible to more accurately
evaluate his age at around 35
years old, which accords well
with the historical record,
which indicates that
Tuthmosis IV must have been
around 40-46 when he died.
Were the patriarchs and the Egyptian Pharaohs the Same?
History describes them as a darker race, but in truth they were Caucasian .
In the study of Egyptian Kingdoms things can get quite confusing. For example the reigns of the early New
Kingdom pharaohs Tao II, Kamose, Ahmose, Amenhotep I, Thutmose I and Thutmose II were not
sequential, but overlapped substantially. many names were given to one individual and several nations
could claim the pharaoh as their own under another title, ie. King, Emperor, etc.
Abraham was Thutmose. Thutmose is a compound name coprised of thus (From Thoth, the Egyptian God
of Wisdom) and Mose (an Egyptian title or suffix indicating son or rightful heir) .
Egyptian Female Pharaoh: Queen Hatshepsut, wife of Pharaoh Thutmosis II. She ruled Egypt after
Thutmosis' death in 1520 BC. Her long blonde hair and facial structure has been well preserved by the
embalming process of the time
Genesis Patriarch Lamech (First line of Adam) is Thoth (Seth)whom murdered Osiris. In biblical history
we show Lamech as blind and murdered Patriarch Mehujael
The myths and legends of Greece, India and South America describe the rule of Osiris and Isis. '
The Mighty Osiris and Isis walked into the Egyptian Valley out of nowhere and assumed command.'
They were taller and more imposing than the men of the time, with long blond hair, marblelike white skin
and remarkable powers that enabled them to perform miracles.
Abraham was shown to be the faithful elder half-brother of both Tao II and Thutmose I (Mose=Son,
Thut=Thoth).
In Genesis 14, Abraham is given the pseudonym of Shem-eber king of Zeboiim (Memphis). Shemeber is
translated as "Illustrious." However, it is also a compound name comprised of Shem (Sabium) and Eber
(Hammurabi). These two ancestors were not only kings, but also masters of the sciences, law and
philosophy . Abraham was placed in their company, not only with respect to wisdom, but also in
kingship. Zeboiim, that is Memphis, was the ancient seat of kingship and wisdom in Egypt. (Ref: Living in
Truth: Archaeology and the Patriarchs by Charles N. Pope)
ThutmoseIV According to legend, nearly three and a half thousand years ago, one of the sons of the
Egyptian Pharaoh Amenophis II was out hunting near a plateau some ten miles from Cairo. Tired from his
endeavours, the Prince Thutmose rested in the shadow of a mysterious head protruding from the desert
sands.
Thutmose duly fell asleep and, in a dream, heard the carved stone head whispering to him that one day he
would become ruler of all Egypt ahead of his older brothers. The prince was also told that he would then
free the body of the forgotten god from the desert sands where it had lain buried for centuries. Thutmose
awoke refreshed, and, recalling the dream silently committed himself to clearing away the sands, intrigued
that as a younger son, he could possibly become Pharaoh. He then left to continue his hunting.
On the death of his father the prophecy become true, with the former hunter ascending the throne as
Pharaoh Tuthmosis IV. Shortly afterwards the Pharaoh, who was only to reign for eight years
(1413-1405BCE), honoured the pledge made as a younger man and cleared the area around the Sphinx
revealing the God in its true magnificence
Thutmose IV and Joseph (YUYA)
Ahmed Osman proved that the identity of Biblical Joseph was that of Prime Minister Yuya in the
Egyptian New Kingdom. *An ancestor of Yuya in the Egyptian Middle Kingdom served as his role
model. This earlier member of Yuya's family had a similar name and held an identical office to his own.
Working backwards from the time of Yuya in the Egyptian 18th Dynasty, the identity of the first Joseph
can be found among the great princes of the 12th Dynasty
Ahmed Osman reveals that when Joseph revealed his identity to his kinsmen who had sold him into
slavery, he told them that "God had made him 'A father to Pharaoh'. Throughout the long history of
ancient Egypt, only one man is known to have been given the title 'A father to Pharoah' - Yuya, a vizier of
the eighteenth dynasty King Tuthmosis IV.
Yuya has long intrigued Egyptologists because he was buried in the Valley of Kings even though he was
not a member of the Royal House.
Akhnaten was titled the 'heretic' king being that it was him and his mother Queen Tiy which created the
rise of monotheism in Egypt. During his reign, the Pharaoh Akhenaten was able to abolish the complex
pantheon of the ancient Egyptian religion and replace it with a single god, the Aten, who had no image or
form.
Pharaoh Akhenaten's Hymn to Aten is the same as Psalm 104 of the Bible.
Horemheb may have been the oppressor king in the Book of Exodus. The time of departure of the
Hebrews from Egypt would have been during the short reign of Ramses I, the first king of the nineteenth
dynasty.
History describes them as a darker race, but in truth they were Caucasian .
In the study of Egyptian Kingdoms things can get quite confusing. For example the reigns of the early New
Kingdom pharaohs Tao II, Kamose, Ahmose, Amenhotep I, Thutmose I and Thutmose II were not
sequential, but overlapped substantially. many names were given to one individual and several nations
could claim the pharaoh as their own under another title, ie. King, Emperor, etc.
Abraham was Thutmose. Thutmose is a compound name coprised of thus (From Thoth, the Egyptian God
of Wisdom) and Mose (an Egyptian title or suffix indicating son or rightful heir) .
Egyptian Female Pharaoh: Queen Hatshepsut, wife of Pharaoh Thutmosis II. She ruled Egypt after
Thutmosis' death in 1520 BC. Her long blonde hair and facial structure has been well preserved by the
embalming process of the time
Genesis Patriarch Lamech (First line of Adam) is Thoth (Seth)whom murdered Osiris. In biblical history
we show Lamech as blind and murdered Patriarch Mehujael
The myths and legends of Greece, India and South America describe the rule of Osiris and Isis. '
The Mighty Osiris and Isis walked into the Egyptian Valley out of nowhere and assumed command.'
They were taller and more imposing than the men of the time, with long blond hair, marblelike white skin
and remarkable powers that enabled them to perform miracles.
Abraham was shown to be the faithful elder half-brother of both Tao II and Thutmose I (Mose=Son,
Thut=Thoth).
In Genesis 14, Abraham is given the pseudonym of Shem-eber king of Zeboiim (Memphis). Shemeber is
translated as "Illustrious." However, it is also a compound name comprised of Shem (Sabium) and Eber
(Hammurabi). These two ancestors were not only kings, but also masters of the sciences, law and
philosophy . Abraham was placed in their company, not only with respect to wisdom, but also in
kingship. Zeboiim, that is Memphis, was the ancient seat of kingship and wisdom in Egypt. (Ref: Living in
Truth: Archaeology and the Patriarchs by Charles N. Pope)
ThutmoseIV According to legend, nearly three and a half thousand years ago, one of the sons of the
Egyptian Pharaoh Amenophis II was out hunting near a plateau some ten miles from Cairo. Tired from his
endeavours, the Prince Thutmose rested in the shadow of a mysterious head protruding from the desert
sands.
Thutmose duly fell asleep and, in a dream, heard the carved stone head whispering to him that one day he
would become ruler of all Egypt ahead of his older brothers. The prince was also told that he would then
free the body of the forgotten god from the desert sands where it had lain buried for centuries. Thutmose
awoke refreshed, and, recalling the dream silently committed himself to clearing away the sands, intrigued
that as a younger son, he could possibly become Pharaoh. He then left to continue his hunting.
On the death of his father the prophecy become true, with the former hunter ascending the throne as
Pharaoh Tuthmosis IV. Shortly afterwards the Pharaoh, who was only to reign for eight years
(1413-1405BCE), honoured the pledge made as a younger man and cleared the area around the Sphinx
revealing the God in its true magnificence
Thutmose IV and Joseph (YUYA)
Ahmed Osman proved that the identity of Biblical Joseph was that of Prime Minister Yuya in the
Egyptian New Kingdom. *An ancestor of Yuya in the Egyptian Middle Kingdom served as his role
model. This earlier member of Yuya's family had a similar name and held an identical office to his own.
Working backwards from the time of Yuya in the Egyptian 18th Dynasty, the identity of the first Joseph
can be found among the great princes of the 12th Dynasty
Ahmed Osman reveals that when Joseph revealed his identity to his kinsmen who had sold him into
slavery, he told them that "God had made him 'A father to Pharaoh'. Throughout the long history of
ancient Egypt, only one man is known to have been given the title 'A father to Pharoah' - Yuya, a vizier of
the eighteenth dynasty King Tuthmosis IV.
Yuya has long intrigued Egyptologists because he was buried in the Valley of Kings even though he was
not a member of the Royal House.
Akhnaten was titled the 'heretic' king being that it was him and his mother Queen Tiy which created the
rise of monotheism in Egypt. During his reign, the Pharaoh Akhenaten was able to abolish the complex
pantheon of the ancient Egyptian religion and replace it with a single god, the Aten, who had no image or
form.
Pharaoh Akhenaten's Hymn to Aten is the same as Psalm 104 of the Bible.
Horemheb may have been the oppressor king in the Book of Exodus. The time of departure of the
Hebrews from Egypt would have been during the short reign of Ramses I, the first king of the nineteenth
dynasty.
| UFO TRIVIA Pharoah THUTMOSE III.. Egyptian ancient writings show: "One winter morning around the year 1,482 B.C. Thutmose III first saw a 'UFO'.... Described as; " a CIRCLE of FIRE", emitted no sound, it had no voice', according to inscriptions. After some days had passed, these things became more numerous in the skies than ever. "Were extremely bright or more...than the brightness of the sun, and were relatively small about 16' in diamater. Thutmose III was taken aboard and flew up to the sky and learned the secrets of Heaven |
| Egyptian Moses=Son of Senmut=Solomon The Exodus Moses would then mean Son of Solomon |
| BLUE BLOODS. WHAT DOES IT REALLY MEAN??? There were the blue-bloods of Ancient Times which extended into European Times. . They actually did have blue blood, and it was not hemoglobin based but copper based. They were semi-human. There are still to this day, some animal species in South America that have copper based blood systems. There was a problem with hemophilia, and not because of intermarrying. The problem was that they started to marry outside of the copper based blood system. Hemoglobin and copper systems don't mix. That's where the laws against marrying commoners originated. Lobsters, octopuses, squids and horseshoe crabs have copper based blue blood |
RamsesII
Professor P. F. Ceccaldi, with a research team, studied some hairs from the
mummy's scalp. Ramesses II was thought to be 87 years-old when he died, and his
hair had turned white. Ceccaldi determined that the reddish-yellow color of the hair
was due to a dye with a dilute henna solution. Many Egyptians dyed their hair,
and this personal habit was preserved by the embalmers. However, traces of the
hair's original color remained in the roots. Microscopic examinations showed that
the hair roots contained natural red pigments, and that therefore, during his younger
days, Ramesses II had been a red head. Analysis concluded that these red pigments
did not result from the hair somehow fading, or otherwise being altered after death,
but did represent Ramesses' natural hair color. Ceccaldi also studied the
cross-section of the hairs, and determined from their oval shape, that Ramesses had
been "cymotrich" (wavy-haired). Finally, he stated that such a combination of
features showed that Ramesses had been a "leucoderm" (white-skinned person).
Professor P. F. Ceccaldi, with a research team, studied some hairs from the
mummy's scalp. Ramesses II was thought to be 87 years-old when he died, and his
hair had turned white. Ceccaldi determined that the reddish-yellow color of the hair
was due to a dye with a dilute henna solution. Many Egyptians dyed their hair,
and this personal habit was preserved by the embalmers. However, traces of the
hair's original color remained in the roots. Microscopic examinations showed that
the hair roots contained natural red pigments, and that therefore, during his younger
days, Ramesses II had been a red head. Analysis concluded that these red pigments
did not result from the hair somehow fading, or otherwise being altered after death,
but did represent Ramesses' natural hair color. Ceccaldi also studied the
cross-section of the hairs, and determined from their oval shape, that Ramesses had
been "cymotrich" (wavy-haired). Finally, he stated that such a combination of
features showed that Ramesses had been a "leucoderm" (white-skinned person).
| GIANT HEADRESS FROM UR From the Royal Tombs of UR. Giant gold headress of Queen Puabi. This Gold headress is three times the size of a 'normal' human head. |
| Queen Tiy (Taia,Tyre) Father was Yuya Mother Thuya Mother and wife of Akhenaten (Pharaoh Priestess of the God Amun AmenhotepIII who was the father of Aye whom replaced Tutankhamun after his death) The most brilliant and famous of Egypt's queens in 18th Dynasty Egypt. This statue was found in the Temple of Hathor near the turquoise mines. |
| Yuya-(Joseph II) Biblical Joseph Egyptian Prime Minister during 1400 BC. Father of Tiy. Yuya's blonde hair and Caucasian facial struture have been well preserved by the embalming process. |
| Thuya, Wife of Yuya. Equally blonde and caucasian. She was the great grandmother of Tutankhamen. Mother of Tiy |
Egyptian Female Pharaoh:
Queen Hatshepsut, wife of
Pharaoh Thutmosis II. She
ruled Egypt after Thutmosis'
death in 1520 BC. Her long
blonde hair and facial
structure has been well
preserved by the embalming
process of the time
Queen Hatshepsut, wife of
Pharaoh Thutmosis II. She
ruled Egypt after Thutmosis'
death in 1520 BC. Her long
blonde hair and facial
structure has been well
preserved by the embalming
process of the time
The Exodus
The Gospel According to Egypt
Epitome of Ahmed Osman's books:
Stranger in the Valley of the Kings
Moses: Pharaoh of Egypt
House of the Messiah
Aye succeeded Tutankhamun as Pharaoh, but ruled only a few years
before he too mysteriously disappeared.(1) The army commander,
Horemheb, married a surviving heiress (believed to be Mutnodjme, a
sister of Nefertiti) of the royal line and became Pharaoh in his place.(2)
It was during Horemheb's reign that Ramses was appointed commander
of the Egyptian army. Ramses had formerly been the mayor of Zarw,
and upon his appointment as army commander, he began to expand the
fortress city of Zarw which was renamed Pi-Ramses (the House of
Ramses) in his own honor.(3) Renewed building at Zarw was later
inititated by Ramses II.
When Horemheb died without heir and was succeeded by Ramses, the
Egyptian 18th Dynasty came to an end. In the Sinai desert, at the
location known as Mount Sarabit, there are the remains of an ancient
Egyptian temple. It was here that the archaeologist Flinders Petrie
found an exquisite statue of Akhenaten's mother, Queen Tiye.(4) It was
also here that a stele set up by Pharaoh Ramses I was found which
declared that the Aten and all its dominion were now under his rule.(5)
What more logical location would there be for such a stele than at the
very spot where Akhenaten (Moses) would have spent much of his
time in exile? What other reason would Ramses have had to place this
monument in such a remote area?
Osman deduces that if Akhenaten were still living, Ramses I, the
erstwhile underling of Akhenaten, would not have been allowed to make
such a bold proclamation, or to ascend to the throne without a challenge.
The description of Moses' return from the wilderness, found both in the
Bible and the Koran, includes appeals which would have been used by
Akhenaten to convince the elders of Egypt that he was indeed the exiled
Pharaoh and should as the only remaining Thutmosid be duly reinstated
as king.(6)
Despite the former glories of the 18th Dynasty, Akhenaten was not
welcomed back. Ramses had already taken firm control over both the
military and the government of Egypt. Akhenaten was forced once again
to leave Egypt. Perhaps, as the Bible describes, Akhenaten and the rest
of his "chosen" ones who had not accompanied him into exile, would
have been sent away with due respect and with rich gifts (Exodus
12:35-36), but nonetheless they were sent away. As the Book of
Psalms records, at this final departure of Moses and his followers,
Egypt was truly glad (Psalm 105:38), for in their minds, the reign of
Akhenaten was a mistake, and the reason Egypt had been so severely
afflicted by plague. In the 19th Dynasty Akhenaten, Semenkhare,
Tutankhamun and Aye were excised from the king lists. They were
considered to have never ruled and the lengths of their reigns were added
to that of Horemheb's!
The reign of Ramses I lasted only one full year, and correlates well with
the death of the Pharaoh during the Exodus as described by the Bible.(7)
Josephus, quoting Manetho, states that those responsible for Egypt's
13 years of trouble were attacked by "Rampses" and driven out of
Egypt.(8) At the time of the death of Ramses I, his son Seti I, was
involved in a military expedition in the Sinai,(9) because "the foe
belonging to the Shasu are plotting rebellion."(10) The Karnak Temple
mural from which this record is quoted also states, "the rebels, they
know not how they shall [flee]; the vanquished of the Shasu [becoming
like] that which exist not."(11) It stands to reason that an attack on a
tribe of bedouins(12) could have waited at least until Ramses' burial ...
unless Seti believed that they were considered a threat to the throne, or
assisting the people he considered responsible for his father's death.
(The name Seti is derived from the Nile Delta god Set. Set, in Egyptian
legend was the murderer of Osiris. Later in Hebrew/Christian beliefs he
became namesake of the Biblical Satan.)
The following is a direct quote from "Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in
Ancient Times" by Donald Redford.(13) "Shasu [literally meaning "a
people who move on foot"](14) are found in Egyptian texts from the
18th Dynasty through the Third Intermediate Period. They most
frequently occur in generalizing toponym lists where the context helps
little in pinpointing their location. But lists from Soleb and Amarah [in
Nubia], ultimately of fifteenth century [B.C.] origin [circa 17th/18th
Dynasty] suggest that an original concentration of Shasu settlements lay
in southern Transjordan in the plains of Moab and northern Edom. Here
a group of six names is identified as in 'the land of the Shasu' and these
include Se'ir (i.e., Edom), Laban (probably Libona, south of Amman),
Sam'ath (cf. the Shim'ethites, a clan of the Kenites: 1 Chron. 2:55), Wrbr
(probably the Wady Hasa) [, Yhw, and Pysps].(15) Elsewhere in texts
of the 19th and 20th Dynasties, the consistent linking of Shasu with
Edom and the Arabah (Timna) places the identifications on the earlier
lists beyond doubt."
"The localization of the 'Land of the Shasu' in the mountainous districts
of Se'ir ... has an interesting consequence for one name in the mentioned
lists from Soleb and Amarah - 'Yhw (in) the land of the Shasu.' For half
a century it has been generally admitted that we have here the
tetragrammaton, the name of the Israelite god, 'Yahweh'; and if this be
the case, as it undoubtedly is, the passage constitutes a most precious
indication of the whereabouts during the late fifteenth century B.C. of
an enclave revering this god. ... Numerous passages in later Biblical
tradition ... depict Yahweh 'coming forth from Se'ir' and originating in
Edom."
Donald Redford goes on to state that the Shasu "burst with especially
grievous force just before the beginning of the 19th Dynasty across ...
northern Sinai, cutting off Egypt's coastal route ... though Sety I had
little trouble in beating them back ..." But why had these descendents of
Laban (uncle/father-in-law of Jacob and great-great-great-grandfather of
the Biblical Moses, Genesis 28:2) and adherents of Yahweh (i.e.,
Jehovah), whose homeland was in and around Mount Se'ir in Edom,
suddenly appeared along the Via Maris (Mediterranean coastal route
and main artery between Egypt and Canaan) at the same time that
Moses and the Israelites are said (according to Manetho) to have been
driven from Egypt by "Rampses?".
A reasonable deduction is that they were requested by Akhenaten to
assist in his return to Egypt, either to reclaim his throne, or to extract
the remainder of his followers ("speak to Pharaoh about bringing the
Israelites out"). The size of the Shasu force (200,000 by the Karnak
account), which may have included the Exodus party ("the foe belonging
to the Shasu"), and their actions (possibly raiding two Egyptian
garrisons along the Via Maris in order to obtain water)(16) were likely
used as justification for a counterstrike by Seti.
The attacks on the Shasu were continued in the reign of the Pharaoh
Ramses II who succeeded Seti, and were again considered important
enough to be recorded on the walls of the Karnak temple, and at the Nile
Delta city of Tanis(17) as well. Moreover, Ramses II's son and
successor Merenptah lists another group (in lieu of the Shasu) as being a
victim of his father's campaigning in Palestine, namely Israel itself
(Israel stela account), indicating that by Merenptah's time Israel was
recognized as a separate people apart from the groups recorded by the
Egyptians as living in "the land of the Shasu."
The Gospel According to Egypt
Epitome of Ahmed Osman's books:
Stranger in the Valley of the Kings
Moses: Pharaoh of Egypt
House of the Messiah
Aye succeeded Tutankhamun as Pharaoh, but ruled only a few years
before he too mysteriously disappeared.(1) The army commander,
Horemheb, married a surviving heiress (believed to be Mutnodjme, a
sister of Nefertiti) of the royal line and became Pharaoh in his place.(2)
It was during Horemheb's reign that Ramses was appointed commander
of the Egyptian army. Ramses had formerly been the mayor of Zarw,
and upon his appointment as army commander, he began to expand the
fortress city of Zarw which was renamed Pi-Ramses (the House of
Ramses) in his own honor.(3) Renewed building at Zarw was later
inititated by Ramses II.
When Horemheb died without heir and was succeeded by Ramses, the
Egyptian 18th Dynasty came to an end. In the Sinai desert, at the
location known as Mount Sarabit, there are the remains of an ancient
Egyptian temple. It was here that the archaeologist Flinders Petrie
found an exquisite statue of Akhenaten's mother, Queen Tiye.(4) It was
also here that a stele set up by Pharaoh Ramses I was found which
declared that the Aten and all its dominion were now under his rule.(5)
What more logical location would there be for such a stele than at the
very spot where Akhenaten (Moses) would have spent much of his
time in exile? What other reason would Ramses have had to place this
monument in such a remote area?
Osman deduces that if Akhenaten were still living, Ramses I, the
erstwhile underling of Akhenaten, would not have been allowed to make
such a bold proclamation, or to ascend to the throne without a challenge.
The description of Moses' return from the wilderness, found both in the
Bible and the Koran, includes appeals which would have been used by
Akhenaten to convince the elders of Egypt that he was indeed the exiled
Pharaoh and should as the only remaining Thutmosid be duly reinstated
as king.(6)
Despite the former glories of the 18th Dynasty, Akhenaten was not
welcomed back. Ramses had already taken firm control over both the
military and the government of Egypt. Akhenaten was forced once again
to leave Egypt. Perhaps, as the Bible describes, Akhenaten and the rest
of his "chosen" ones who had not accompanied him into exile, would
have been sent away with due respect and with rich gifts (Exodus
12:35-36), but nonetheless they were sent away. As the Book of
Psalms records, at this final departure of Moses and his followers,
Egypt was truly glad (Psalm 105:38), for in their minds, the reign of
Akhenaten was a mistake, and the reason Egypt had been so severely
afflicted by plague. In the 19th Dynasty Akhenaten, Semenkhare,
Tutankhamun and Aye were excised from the king lists. They were
considered to have never ruled and the lengths of their reigns were added
to that of Horemheb's!
The reign of Ramses I lasted only one full year, and correlates well with
the death of the Pharaoh during the Exodus as described by the Bible.(7)
Josephus, quoting Manetho, states that those responsible for Egypt's
13 years of trouble were attacked by "Rampses" and driven out of
Egypt.(8) At the time of the death of Ramses I, his son Seti I, was
involved in a military expedition in the Sinai,(9) because "the foe
belonging to the Shasu are plotting rebellion."(10) The Karnak Temple
mural from which this record is quoted also states, "the rebels, they
know not how they shall [flee]; the vanquished of the Shasu [becoming
like] that which exist not."(11) It stands to reason that an attack on a
tribe of bedouins(12) could have waited at least until Ramses' burial ...
unless Seti believed that they were considered a threat to the throne, or
assisting the people he considered responsible for his father's death.
(The name Seti is derived from the Nile Delta god Set. Set, in Egyptian
legend was the murderer of Osiris. Later in Hebrew/Christian beliefs he
became namesake of the Biblical Satan.)
The following is a direct quote from "Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in
Ancient Times" by Donald Redford.(13) "Shasu [literally meaning "a
people who move on foot"](14) are found in Egyptian texts from the
18th Dynasty through the Third Intermediate Period. They most
frequently occur in generalizing toponym lists where the context helps
little in pinpointing their location. But lists from Soleb and Amarah [in
Nubia], ultimately of fifteenth century [B.C.] origin [circa 17th/18th
Dynasty] suggest that an original concentration of Shasu settlements lay
in southern Transjordan in the plains of Moab and northern Edom. Here
a group of six names is identified as in 'the land of the Shasu' and these
include Se'ir (i.e., Edom), Laban (probably Libona, south of Amman),
Sam'ath (cf. the Shim'ethites, a clan of the Kenites: 1 Chron. 2:55), Wrbr
(probably the Wady Hasa) [, Yhw, and Pysps].(15) Elsewhere in texts
of the 19th and 20th Dynasties, the consistent linking of Shasu with
Edom and the Arabah (Timna) places the identifications on the earlier
lists beyond doubt."
"The localization of the 'Land of the Shasu' in the mountainous districts
of Se'ir ... has an interesting consequence for one name in the mentioned
lists from Soleb and Amarah - 'Yhw (in) the land of the Shasu.' For half
a century it has been generally admitted that we have here the
tetragrammaton, the name of the Israelite god, 'Yahweh'; and if this be
the case, as it undoubtedly is, the passage constitutes a most precious
indication of the whereabouts during the late fifteenth century B.C. of
an enclave revering this god. ... Numerous passages in later Biblical
tradition ... depict Yahweh 'coming forth from Se'ir' and originating in
Edom."
Donald Redford goes on to state that the Shasu "burst with especially
grievous force just before the beginning of the 19th Dynasty across ...
northern Sinai, cutting off Egypt's coastal route ... though Sety I had
little trouble in beating them back ..." But why had these descendents of
Laban (uncle/father-in-law of Jacob and great-great-great-grandfather of
the Biblical Moses, Genesis 28:2) and adherents of Yahweh (i.e.,
Jehovah), whose homeland was in and around Mount Se'ir in Edom,
suddenly appeared along the Via Maris (Mediterranean coastal route
and main artery between Egypt and Canaan) at the same time that
Moses and the Israelites are said (according to Manetho) to have been
driven from Egypt by "Rampses?".
A reasonable deduction is that they were requested by Akhenaten to
assist in his return to Egypt, either to reclaim his throne, or to extract
the remainder of his followers ("speak to Pharaoh about bringing the
Israelites out"). The size of the Shasu force (200,000 by the Karnak
account), which may have included the Exodus party ("the foe belonging
to the Shasu"), and their actions (possibly raiding two Egyptian
garrisons along the Via Maris in order to obtain water)(16) were likely
used as justification for a counterstrike by Seti.
The attacks on the Shasu were continued in the reign of the Pharaoh
Ramses II who succeeded Seti, and were again considered important
enough to be recorded on the walls of the Karnak temple, and at the Nile
Delta city of Tanis(17) as well. Moreover, Ramses II's son and
successor Merenptah lists another group (in lieu of the Shasu) as being a
victim of his father's campaigning in Palestine, namely Israel itself
(Israel stela account), indicating that by Merenptah's time Israel was
recognized as a separate people apart from the groups recorded by the
Egyptians as living in "the land of the Shasu."
Sculpture found in tomb of King Tutankhamun
A version of the Hermopolitan cosmogony involves a celestial goose. This goose,
commonly known as the Great Cackler because it was the first creature to break the
silence, laid an egg on the primordial hill. The sun god Ra, who thereafter continued the
creation process, broke free from this egg. In another slightly different (and later)
version, it is an ibis that lays the egg on the island. This later version was adapted to
the story of the Ogdoad because the priests of Hermopolis wanted to promote their
local god Thoth (whom the Greeks knew as Hermes, hence the name Hermopolis). An
association with the Ogdoad would have given Thoth more power and seniority over
other popular gods.
The most poetic version of the Hermopolitan myth reverts to creation coming out of
the chaotic primeval ocean. Indeed, in this rendition of the story, it is a lotus flower
that is said to emerge from the waters. The petals of the lotus flower unfolded and
sitting on the calix (the centre / heart of the flower) was a divine child, the god Ra. A
remarkable sculpture found in the tomb of King Tutankhamun shows the head of the
young king emerging from a lotus flower, the petals fanning out around his neck -- an
image that depicts the young king with the powers of the creator god Ra (see image
left).
In a variation of the lotus flower theme, it is a scarab beetle that emerges from the
petals of the flower and who then turns himself into a little boy who weeps. The
scarab beetle is an important symbol of the sun god Ra and this will be explored in later
lessons.
A version of the Hermopolitan cosmogony involves a celestial goose. This goose,
commonly known as the Great Cackler because it was the first creature to break the
silence, laid an egg on the primordial hill. The sun god Ra, who thereafter continued the
creation process, broke free from this egg. In another slightly different (and later)
version, it is an ibis that lays the egg on the island. This later version was adapted to
the story of the Ogdoad because the priests of Hermopolis wanted to promote their
local god Thoth (whom the Greeks knew as Hermes, hence the name Hermopolis). An
association with the Ogdoad would have given Thoth more power and seniority over
other popular gods.
The most poetic version of the Hermopolitan myth reverts to creation coming out of
the chaotic primeval ocean. Indeed, in this rendition of the story, it is a lotus flower
that is said to emerge from the waters. The petals of the lotus flower unfolded and
sitting on the calix (the centre / heart of the flower) was a divine child, the god Ra. A
remarkable sculpture found in the tomb of King Tutankhamun shows the head of the
young king emerging from a lotus flower, the petals fanning out around his neck -- an
image that depicts the young king with the powers of the creator god Ra (see image
left).
In a variation of the lotus flower theme, it is a scarab beetle that emerges from the
petals of the flower and who then turns himself into a little boy who weeps. The
scarab beetle is an important symbol of the sun god Ra and this will be explored in later
lessons.